This masterpiece is a unique opportunity to learn about the frontiers of quantum manybody physics, and how they can be explored with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. We demonstrate a novel experimental arrangement which can rotate a 2d optical lattice at frequencies up to several kilohertz. In this thesis, we theoretically explore the dynamics of ultracold atoms in op tical lattices for. Maciej lewenstein, anna sanpera, and veronica ahufinger. When such a degenerate quantum gas is loaded into an optical lattice produced by standing waves of laser light, new kinds of physical phenomena occur. An optical lattice is able to trap an atom because the electric fields of the lasers induce an electric dipole moment in the atom. Marko znidari c may 25, 2010 abstract in the seminar, physical principles underlying behavior of atoms in optical lattices are presented. Entangling the atoms in an optical lattice for quantum. Bosonic atoms trapped in an optical lattice at very low temperatures, can be mo deled by the bosehubbard model. Optical lattices have seen utilization in such diverse. Notes on lewenstein, sanpera, and ahu ngers ultracold.
Quantum computers for special purposes like quantum simulators are already within reach. Ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices have emerged as an ideal experimental platform for studying condensedmatter physics in a clean and. Nonequilibrium dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical. Simulating quantum manybody systems jimmy qin fall 2019 ch 2. The key feature of these systems are the complete control of the manybody systems, combined with a microscopic understanding of the underlying dynamics. Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms in. We demonstrate a high degree of control of ultracold lattice gases on the quan. Optical lattices, ultracold atoms and quantum information processing d. We combine the capabilities of the optical lattices with two powerful tools used in atom physics.
Castelldefels, spain, where he leads the quantum optics theory group. Lukin2 1institute for quantum information, california institute of technology, mc 10781, pasadena, california 91125, usa 2physics department, harvard university, cambridge, massachusetts 028, usa received 25 october 2002. It makes a route through the physics of cold atoms in periodic potentials starting from the simple noninteracting system and going into the manybody physics that describes the strongly correlated mott insulator regime. In this paper, we prop ose a slav eboson approach for dealing with the bose. Atoms in an optical lattice provide an ideal quantum system where all. Simulating quantum manybody systems kindle edition by maciej lewenstein, anna sanpera, veronica ahufinger. Ultracold atoms on optical lattices welcome to the ideals repository. Request pdf on apr 1, 20, maciej lewenstein and others published ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Quantum computers, though not yet available on the market, will revolutionize the future of information processing. We describe tunable optical sawtooth and zigzag lattices for ultracold atoms. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices hardcover maciej. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices simulating quantum manybody systems maciej lewenstein, anna sanpera, and veronica ahufinger. A rotating optical lattice for ultracold atoms ben fletcher, st.
Probing bloch band geometry with ultracold atoms in. Some of the most talented theorists in the field guide the readers through the fascinating interplay of atomic, optical. Atoms in an optical lattice provide an ideal quantum system where all parameters can be controlled. Quantum simulation using ultracold atoms in twodimensional. Ultracold atoms in resonatorgenerated optical lattices. They are also useful for sorting microscopic particles, and may be useful for assembling cell arrays. In this chapter, we will summarize some of the important results obtained in quantum simulation research into quantum manybody systems using ultracold atoms in an optical lattice. However, there are some new ideas about lowdimensional systems that i didnt know beforehand. Vexandvgx are external trapping potentials for the atom in the excited and the. It is more difficult, however, to use these interference patterns to trap atoms. Quantum manybody dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Particularly fascinating is the possibility of using ultracold atoms in lattices to. Maschler et al ultracold atoms in optical lattices generated by quantized light.
Ultracold molecules and atom pairs in optical lattice. Review quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical. Magnetic lattices for ultracold atoms and degenerate. Tightbinding models for ultracold atoms in honeycomb. Takahashi ultimate quantum systems of light and matter control and applications. Tightbinding models for ultracold atoms in honeycomb optical lattices julen iba. Mar 17, 2014 nippon telegraph and telephone has proposed a method for generating a largescale entangled quantum state of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice with high fidelity and short operation time. Quantum manybody dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical. In the limit of very low temperatures, cavity field and atomic dynamics require a quantum description.
Quantum state transfer with ultracold atoms in optical. Quantum state transfer with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Tightbinding models for ultracold atoms in honeycomb optical. This thesis covers most of my work in the field of ultracold atoms loaded in optical lattices. Here we derive a generalized bosehubbard hamiltonian, describing the dynamical evolution of the atomcavity system and discuss the in uence of the cavity degree of freedom on various properties of strongly correlated systems in optical lattices. Hauke, andre eckardt, maciej lewenstein, and ludwig mathey. Some condensed matter much of this chapter is familiar. Quantum manybody dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical lattices ultrakalte atome in optischen gittern.
In this thesis i report on experiments with ultracold molecules and atom pairs in optical lattice potentials. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices generated by quantized light fields. Compared to free space optical lattices, quantum uncertainties of the potential and the possibility of atomfield entanglement lead to modified phase transition characteristics, the appearance of new phases or even quantum superpositions of different phases. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices the studies of ultracold atoms constitute one of the hottest areas of atomic, molecular, and optical amo physics and quantum optics. Ultracold atoms in such a rotating lattice can be used for the direct quantum simulation of strongly correlated systems under large effective magnetic fields, allowing investigation of phenomena such as the fractional quantum hall effect. The interaction of atoms in the lattice can easily. Large scale quantum simulations using ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices mo. Review quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical lattices christian gross1 and immanuel bloch1,2 quantum simulation, a subdiscipline of quantum computation, can provide valuable insight into difficult quantum problems in physics or chemistry. Quantum physics with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Some of the most talented theorists in the field guide the readers through the fascinating interplay of atomic, optical and condensedmatter physics, where old and new quantum manybody phenomena appear. In this thesis, we exploit the high degree of control available in these systems to directly probe the band geometry of an optical honeycomb lattice. In recent years, optical lattices have become one of the most successful tools in the largescale quantum simulation of condensedmatter problems.
Quantum state transfer with ultracold atoms 2 systems extremely accessible with the possibility to address, even locally in limited and controllable regions of space, most of the system parameters. Notes on lewenstein, sanpera, and ahu ngers ultracold atoms. Mountains of potential optical lattices offer unique control over manybody quantum systems. An individual user may print out a pdf of a single chapter of a monograph in oso for personal use. Onedimensional sawtooth and zigzag lattices for ultracold. Keywords magnetic lattices ultracold atoms degenerate quantum gases quantum simulation 1 introduction since the advent of laser cooling and trapping techniques in the 1980s and 1990s, optical lattices produced by interfering laser beams have become an indispensable tool for trapping periodic arrays of ultracold atoms and degen. The lattice experiment a theoreticians view of n produce a boseeinstein condensate of atoms in a magnetic trap n load the condensate into an optical standingwave lattice created by counterpropagating laser beams n in a 3d lattice one ends up with few atoms per lattice site in a 1d lattice one can have thousands of atoms n probe different physical regimes by varying lattice depth and inter. These setups allow unprecedented quantum controloverlargenumbers ofatoms and thus arevery promising for applications in quantum information. Such ultracold atoms in optical lattices form a completely novel and highly promising. Ultracold atomic gases mixtures and molecules jesper fevre bertelsen. They have been awarded with the 1997 nobel prize for s. Realization of the hofstadter hamiltonian with ultracold atoms in. This book provides a complete and comprehensive overview of ultracold lattice gases as quantum simulators.
Nippon telegraph and telephone has proposed a method for generating a largescale entangled quantum state of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice with high fidelity and short operation time. These socalled optical lattices act as versatile potential landscapes to trap ultracold quantum gases of bosons and fermions. Ultracold dipolar gases in optical lattices christian trefzger. Optical lattices, ultracold atoms and quantum information. Today, his dream has become a reality in laboratories around the world. First comprehensive book on ultracold gases in optical lattices. Such systems are nearly perfect realisations of various kinds of hubbard models, and as such may very well serve to mimic condensed matter phenomena. Nonequilibrium dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices in this chapter we introduce the reader to the physics of ultracold atoms trapped in crystals made of light.
It is the hope of many physicists that ultracold atoms in optical lattices provide the ultimate testing ground for many models. This study presents the first experimental realisation of a twodimensional quasicrystalline potential for ultracold atoms, based on an eightfold symmetric optical lattice. They provide a clean, tuneable system which can be engineered to reach. This thesis describes experiments focused on investigating outofequilibrium phenomena in the bosehubbard model and exploring novel cooling techniques for ultracold gases in optical lattices. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Large scale quantum simulations using ultracold atomic gases. The physics of ultracold atoms, ions and molecules offer unprecedented possibilities of control of quantum many body systems and novel possibilities of applications to quantum information. Particularly fascinating is the possibility of using ultracold atoms in lattices to simulate condensed matter or even high energy physics. Large scale quantum simulations using ultracold atomic. Quantum simulation using ultracold ytterbium atoms in an. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page. Lukin2 1institute for quantum information, california institute of technology, mc 10781, pasadena, california 91125, usa.
Ultracold atoms in optical lattices precision measurements quantum information qubit quantum simulation lowdim systems 2d 1d. Besides trapping cold atoms, optical lattices have been widely used in creating gratings and photonic crystals. H34 a quantum simulator for carrying out complex physics calculations. We study an ultracold gas of neutral atoms subject to the periodic optical potential generated by a highq cavity mode. Maciej lewenstein born september 21, 1955 in warsaw, is a polish theoretical physicist. Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms. Ultracold atoms and molecules have opened a new field for studying strong correlation effects in manybody quantum systems in a highly controllable setting. Quantum simulation using ultracold ytterbium atoms in an optical lattice 10 april 20 nara the 11th usjapan seminar y. Notes on lewenstein, sanpera, and ahu ngers ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices constitute a unique experimental setting. Quasicrystalline optical lattices for ultracold atoms. They have been rewarded with the 1997 nobel prize in physics for. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices have recently emerged as promising candidates for investigating the geometric and topological aspects of band structures. Find all the books, read about the author, and more.
The combined action of trapping potentials, optical lattices and low temperature cooling techniques, provide a. Pdf ultracold atoms in optical lattices researchgate. Phil thesis, michaelmas 2010 ultracold atoms in optical lattices can be used to model condensed matter systems. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices can be used to model condensed matter systems.
Ultracold dipolar gases in optical lattices christian trefzger thesis advisor. Optical lattice is formed by the interference of counterpropagating laser beams, which creates e ective potential that traps ultracold atoms. What makes optical lattices so useful is the nearly complete control it gives us over the system. It makes a route through the physics of cold atoms in periodic potentials starting from the simple. Quantum gate arrays with neutral atoms in optical lattices by using ultracold atoms in a mott insulating ph ase of an optical lattice we have been able to initialize a large register of quantum. Additionally, employing several analytical and numerical methods for the calculation of manybody ground states, we demonstrate the variety of condensedmatter problems that can be attacked with qss consisting of ultracold ions or neutral atoms in optical lattices. Due to the close resemblance of ultracold atoms in optical lattices to solid. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices paperback maciej. Johns college, oxford university dphil thesis, trinity term 2008 the central part of this thesis describes the key components, implementation, initial testing and calibration of a twodimensional, rotating lattice for experiments involving boseeinstein condensates of 87rb. Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms in optical lattices l. They provide a clean, tuneable system which can be engineered to. Magnetic lattices for ultracold atoms and degenerate quantum.
Simulating quantum manybody systems oxford university press. Such gases consist of bosonic atoms or molecules that interact via dipolar forces, and that are cooled below the quantum degeneracy temperature, typically in the nk range. It is the hope of many physicists that ultracold atoms in optical lattices provide the ultimate testing ground for many models of condensed matter physics. Although most of such gases in the nanokelvin regime are first prepared in a continuum phase, a lattice structure can be superimposed onto the particles by using optical standing wave laser fields. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices generated by quantized. Making use of the superlattice generated by commensurate wavelengths of light beams, tunable geometries including zigzag and sawtooth configurations can be realised. In this chapter we introduce the reader to the physics of ultracold atoms trapped in crystals made of light. They have been rewarded with the 1997 nobel prize in physics for chu 1998, cohentannoudji 1998 and.
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